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| 52 BC |
| | The Celtic leader Vercingetorix inflicts an unaccustomed defeat on Julius Caesar, at Gergovia, but is captured later in the year | |
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| 46 BC |
| | Vercingetorix is a prize exhibit in Caesar's great triumph in Rome, but the Celtic chieftain is strangled once the procession is over | |
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| c. 40 |
| | The death of Cymbeline is a prelude to the renewed Roman invasion of Celtic Britain | |
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| c. 100 |
| | The Celtic chieftains of Britain adapt willingly to Roman customs and comforts | |
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| c. 380 |
| | Roman legions begin to be withdrawn from Britain, leaving the Celtic population increasingly vulnerable | |
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| c. 450 |
| | Angles, Saxons and other Germanic groups invade southern England and steadily push the Celts westwards | |
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| c. 450 |
| | St Patrick creates a strong tradition of Celtic Christianity in Ireland, from his base in Armagh | |
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| c. 530 |
| | St Finnian founds the first of Ireland's great Celtic monasteries, at Clonard | |
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| c. 550 |
| | If there is any historical basis for the legendary King Arthur, it is as a Celtic chieftain resisting the Anglo-Saxons in the sixth century | |
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| 563 |
| | St Columba establishes a monastery on the island of Iona, from which Celtic Christianity is carried to Scotland and northern England | |
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